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Crowdsourcing: A Definition

  • I like to use two definitions for crowdsourcing:

    The White Paper Version: Crowdsourcing is the act of taking a job traditionally performed by a designated agent (usually an employee) and outsourcing it to an undefined, generally large group of people in the form of an open call.

    The Soundbyte Version: The application of Open Source principles to fields outside of software.

Crowdsourcing in the News

  • July 27, 2008: The Washington Post
    While I was on vacation The Post's Jane Black dropped a line to ask me what I thought about crowdsourcing in restaurants. Naturally, I replied that I don't think about crowdsourcing in restaurants. In fact, I'm always asked when crowdsourcing doesn't work, and I've tended to use just such retail examples as this. After all, do you really want the crowd making your tofu chili? This sure shows my lack of imagination. Turns out that a few entrepreneurial restaurateurs are doing just this. Black's piece made A1 in yesterday's paper.
  • March 25, 2007: New York Times and NPR's On the Media
    Another twofer: First, in yesterday's Times Jason Pontin takes a first-hand look at Mechanical Turk, ChaCha.com and Jeff Bezos' notion of "artificial artifical intelligence." His experience is less than satisfactory, and a reminder that not everything should be crowdsourced.

    My favorite NPR show, On the Media, interviews TPM Muckraker's Paul Kiel about the site's recent experiment in crowdsourcing. Muckraker asked its readers to parse the 3,000 emails pertaining to the firing of federal prosecutors that Dept. of Justice released last week. Within hours Muckraker readers were ferreting out compromising passages, some of which led to news leads for MSM pubs, further evidence that the crowd has a promising future in performing investigative functions. Shady politicians (is that phrase redundant?) beware.
  • March 19, 2007: New York Times and Detroit Free Press
    Today's a twofer: The New York Times' David Carr writes about Assignment Zero in his column, "The Media Equation." I edited David a few times at the now defunct Inside.com (It shined brightly but briefly). If memory serves, he could recall obscure circulation figures on certain newspapers and magazines from memory. No mean media critic, in other words. So I was elated to see him give Assignment Zero a cautiously optimistic treatment.

    Crowdsourcing also made the Detroit Free Press today, where religion writer David Crumm writes about how theologians and pastors are using the model to let their congregations "shape a church's worship and programs." I haven't followed the crowdsourcing in religion angle as much as I'd like, and this is a great introduction to the subject.
  • March 16, 2007: Radio: WNYC - Crowdsourcing and Music
    Does user-generated content threaten the recording industry? That presumes there's still a recording industry to speak of. I'm kidding—kinda. But CD sales get more and more anemic and companies building businesses out of unknown bands—call it music by the crowd—look more and more interesting (and viable) all the time. Yesterday I was on one of my favorite WNYC shows, "Soundcheck" discussing all this and more. Stream or download the show here. You can listen to my segment alone (it runs about 20 minutes), but I recommend you listen to the opening segment on the bizarre-but-intriguing midomi.com. Midomi is a social networking site that allows you to search for music by singing a few bars into a microphone connected to your computer. Soundcheck brought in a trained opera singer to put Midomi's software to the test, with humorous results. American Idol-meets-Myspace-meets-iTunes-meets-voice-recognition-software. That's some mash-up. What will those Stanford smarties dream up next?
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August 01, 2008

Mechanical Turk Targets Small Business

I've long held an ambivalent view toward Amazon's Mechanical Turk, but this week the site launched new features that will make it easier to use. My hope is that this will invigorate the site, bringing much needed variety and imagination to what has been, to my mind, the most mundane application of crowdsourcing to date.

For the uninitiated, Mechanical Turk  allows clients to farm out the kinds of menial clickwork* that we all wish computers could do, but can't. (A more in-depth description of how it works can be found here.) It works like this: A company—the "requester" posts these HITs (or, Human Intelligence Tasks) on the site, offering to pay a certain amount (generally a few cents) to any "Turker" willing to perform the labor. As of today the HITs ranged from filling out marketing surveys to Digging the requester's blog post to submitting Coca-Cola reward codes. Which is to say, Mechanical Turk is where spam and crowdsourcing consummate their unholy union.

Computer_monkey_sketch_3

Okay, I'm being unfair. MT has some neat applications. For one, it enabled me to crowdsource the transcription for almost all the interviews in my book. (I estimate I paid about 10 percent what I would have if I'd used a professional transcriber.) And it's become an unlikely venue for both academics (a professor at NYU's Stern School of Business uses MT for research) and artists, which have used it to create collaborative artworks to great effect (the brilliant Aaron Koblin chief among them).

But these are exceptional cases. My conflict with MT is that it embodies the raw power of crowdsourcing (thousands of strangers coming together to make short work of an otherwise overwhelming job), but also encourages a sort of lowest-common denominator variety of crowdsourcing. Perhaps this will change now that Sharon Chiarella and her team at MT have rejiggered the service to allow all businesses to tap the clickworkforce, not just those that have a coder at the ready.

According to an article by ZDNet editor Larry Dignan, on Wednesday Amazon "rolled out new features to its Mechanical Turk web service designed to expand its appeal to a broader set of businesses." This is good news for small business owners as well as the Turkers, who are surely ready to devote their idle hours to something more rewarding than writing fake product reviews. The fact is, Amazon has assembled an enormous, energetic and highly effective workforce. The challenge lies in finding them something worthwhile to do.

*Clickwork defined: Any number of dull, brainless, low-paid tasks that keep the Internet economy, for better or worse, firing on all pistons. Examples: Tagging images, transcribing podcasts, or clicking through pop-up ads.

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Comments

Jeff,

Just saw a great post on crowdsourcing for a book via Mechanical Turk. Pretty interesting stuff. http://www.bjoern.org/projects/catbook/

Took a skim through Mechanical Turk and admit it is curious... there are some truly human oriented tasks (keying text from a handwritten page) and some obviously for generating "user" content (spam / fake reviews).

What concerns me and warrants further investigation on their site, is what kind of guidelines or tools are in place to ensure fair pricing of tasks (regardless of the ethics of the task). Some tasks seem relatively complex for what is being paid and I certainly have no idea what a fair wage is elsewhere (cost of living in India? who knows? probably varies)

IE - Should I be excited at the possibility to get work that is unjustifiably expensive for me to do while boosting a developing nations economy... or should I be horrified that I'm taking advantage of impoverished people (mom and pop sweatshops)

Mturk used to be a nice place to visit when you had nothing better to do (pretty often in my case:))...really died off over the last year+ though.

Amazon used to have a lot of their own tasks up there, made it look a lot busier than it really was. Decent little part-time moneymakers too, 2-5 cents for one crummy click really added up.

Sadly, that stuff largely dried up and we were left with the spammers and a bunch of slavedriving idiots that offer a penny for 10 minutes of work. Stick a fork in the Turk, it's done...

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About Me

Events

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The Rise of Crowdsourcing

  • Read the original article about crowdsourcing, published in the June, 2006 issue of Wired Magazine.