Game Life

Crowdsourcing: A Definition

  • I like to use two definitions for crowdsourcing:

    The White Paper Version: Crowdsourcing is the act of taking a job traditionally performed by a designated agent (usually an employee) and outsourcing it to an undefined, generally large group of people in the form of an open call.

    The Soundbyte Version: The application of Open Source principles to fields outside of software.

Crowdsourcing in the News

  • March 25, 2007: New York Times and NPR's On the Media
    Another twofer: First, in yesterday's Times Jason Pontin takes a first-hand look at Mechanical Turk, ChaCha.com and Jeff Bezos' notion of "artificial artifical intelligence." His experience is less than satisfactory, and a reminder that not everything should be crowdsourced.

    My favorite NPR show, On the Media, interviews TPM Muckraker's Paul Kiel about the site's recent experiment in crowdsourcing. Muckraker asked its readers to parse the 3,000 emails pertaining to the firing of federal prosecutors that Dept. of Justice released last week. Within hours Muckraker readers were ferreting out compromising passages, some of which led to news leads for MSM pubs, further evidence that the crowd has a promising future in performing investigative functions. Shady politicians (is that phrase redundant?) beware.
  • March 19, 2007: New York Times and Detroit Free Press
    Today's a twofer: The New York Times' David Carr writes about Assignment Zero in his column, "The Media Equation." I edited David a few times at the now defunct Inside.com (It shined brightly but briefly). If memory serves, he could recall obscure circulation figures on certain newspapers and magazines from memory. No mean media critic, in other words. So I was elated to see him give Assignment Zero a cautiously optimistic treatment.

    Crowdsourcing also made the Detroit Free Press today, where religion writer David Crumm writes about how theologians and pastors are using the model to let their congregations "shape a church's worship and programs." I haven't followed the crowdsourcing in religion angle as much as I'd like, and this is a great introduction to the subject.
  • March 16, 2007: Radio: WNYC - Crowdsourcing and Music
    Does user-generated content threaten the recording industry? That presumes there's still a recording industry to speak of. I'm kidding—kinda. But CD sales get more and more anemic and companies building businesses out of unknown bands—call it music by the crowd—look more and more interesting (and viable) all the time. Yesterday I was on one of my favorite WNYC shows, "Soundcheck" discussing all this and more. Stream or download the show here. You can listen to my segment alone (it runs about 20 minutes), but I recommend you listen to the opening segment on the bizarre-but-intriguing midomi.com. Midomi is a social networking site that allows you to search for music by singing a few bars into a microphone connected to your computer. Soundcheck brought in a trained opera singer to put Midomi's software to the test, with humorous results. American Idol-meets-Myspace-meets-iTunes-meets-voice-recognition-software. That's some mash-up. What will those Stanford smarties dream up next?
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July 17, 2007

The Importance of Community

It was exceedingly difficult to sum up a complex, six-month project in the 2,000 words Wired.com allotted. As such, there were several themes left undeveloped. Due to the same space constraints, I was also unable to relate the various heroics that went into snatching (a qualified) victory from the jaws of defeat. It's easy enough to dispense with both of these tasks at the same time, as there's much overlap between the two.

Crowdsourcing projects are generally characterized as being the product of a few super-contributors and a mass of people who contribute some minor bits. I've heard this called the "dirty little secret of open source," the fact that most of the heavy lifting is done, not by the crowd per se, but by a few select individuals from within the crowd. I'd like to posit another rule: Any crowdsourcing project must install one go-to guy (or girl) who will thanklessly toil day and night to keep the project on the rails. At a magazine this person is called the Production Manager. On Assignment Zero he was called David Cohn.

It is no exaggeration to say that Assignment Zero would have never launched, must less reached completion, without David. Saddled with the totally inadequate title of "associate editor," in reality David did everything from customize Drupal for us, play Webmaster, manage the content on the site and play point person for a wide variety of volunteers and contributors. It's no accident that contributor after contributor emailed me to tell me how much they loved working with him. "The great thing about David isn't that he'll take on all the dirty jobs and work all night to get them done," Lauren Sandler said to me several weeks into the project. "It's that he never plays the martyr. He's all walk, no talk."  David is not motivated by laurels and glory, but he deserves both, in spades. (Full disclosure: David is my writing and research assistant on the crowdsourcing book. I'm lucky to have him.)

Another concept that by all rights should have been more fleshed out in the Wired.com piece was the importance of community. While I'd like to think this idea suffuses the piece, I could probably have been more explicit in noting its importance to making AZ productive. Lucky for us, our organizers, Tish Grier and Amanda Michel, understood this to a degree that the rest of us did not.

There was a crucial turning point when a rift opened up between the journalist types (myself included) on one side and Amanda and Tish on the other. They felt our volunteer editors had to play community manager, going out and soliciting contributors, keeping people engaged, holding a few hands. Us hard-bitten journos essentially snorted in disdain. Editors do not play cheerleader, and God knows they do not do outreach. We won the battle and, in doing so, contributed to losing the war. The plain fact is that  in the future, journalists will have to develop these skills if they want to succeed in a future in which their readers are also their writers.

The crowd does not contribute in a vacuum. They do so as part of a community of other contributors. I see this again and again in researching my book and, no surprise, it was true with Assignment Zero as well. Tish has written an excellent distillation of how this went down at Assignment Zero, and I'd suggest anyone serious about crowdsourcing and journalism experiments put it on their summer reading list.

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Comments

After reading the many links and conclusions/comments regarding the AZ project the complexity and profundity of the process becomes much clearer.

I suspect that those close to the action are unwilling to blow their horns too loudly. Their proximity to the project, the dust has yet to settle, might make an assessment of some of the salient points difficult.

Journalism and CS aside, the process and resulting content created a very unique set of experiences, both individually and collectively.

As a ground breaking exercise the AZ project, from a process point of view, must have provided much food for thought and an unequivocal portal into just what might be needed for any future attempts to fashion a community from both a crowd and a concept!

I suspect that both individual and collective destinies, as esoteric as that might sound, have been shaped by the journey and the outcomes could be very far reaching.

This is why I see the project as an unqualified success. Not pretty, might not have reached all the journalistic objectives but an incredible foundation of experiences for future CS/journalistic initiatives.

The myriad elements that make “a healthy community” are difficult to quantify. The most important ones are mostly invisible and not easily identifiable but consist of more ethereal elements like intention, commitment and more importantly biographical association. The “application/adoption” of a concept, unless created organically from within the community, is akin to a blood infusion with the hope that the blood type works out!

I believe the collective intention and commitment to the project by so many dedicated individuals has created a reservoir of substance that will be drawn upon by many for a long time!

Cheers, Alan.

After reading the many links and conclusions/comments regarding the AZ project the complexity and profundity of the process becomes much clearer.

I suspect that those close to the action are unwilling to blow their horns too loudly. Their proximity to the project, the dust has yet to settle, might make an assessment of some of the salient points difficult.

Journalism and CS aside, the process and resulting content created a very unique set of experiences, both individually and collectively.

As a ground breaking exercise the AZ project, from a process point of view, must have provided much food for thought and an unequivocal portal into just what might be needed for any future attempts to fashion a community from both a crowd and a concept!

I suspect that both individual and collective destinies, as esoteric as that might sound, have been shaped by the journey and the outcomes could be very far reaching.

This is why I see the project as an unqualified success. Not pretty, might not have reached all the journalistic objectives but an incredible foundation of experiences for future CS/journalistic initiatives.

The myriad elements that make “a healthy community” are difficult to quantify. The most important ones are mostly invisible and not easily identifiable but consist of more ethereal elements like intention, commitment and more importantly biographical association. The “application/adoption” of a concept, unless created organically from within the community, is akin to a blood infusion with the hope that the blood type works out!

I believe the collective intention and commitment to the project by so many dedicated individuals has created a reservoir of substance that will be drawn upon by many for a long time!

Cheers, Alan.

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The Rise of Crowdsourcing

  • Read the original article about crowdsourcing, published in the June, 2006 issue of Wired Magazine.